Dr. Al Jasser was elected by the IsDB Board of Governors in early July 2021 to lead the AAA-rated institution for five years. He assumed office as Chairman of the Islamic Development Bank Group on August 9, 2021.

He served as the Minister of Economy and Planning and Governor and Board Chairman of the Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency (now the Saudi Central Bank-SAMA).

He also served as an Advisor at the Saudi Council of Ministers General Secretariat and as Chairman of the General Authority for Competition.

In addition, he was a member of several Saudi ministerial councils, boards, and committees, including the Council for Economic Affairs and Development, the Supreme Council for Civil Defense, the Board of Directors of the Saudi Food and Drug Authority, the Board of Directors of the Public Investment Fund, the Higher Committee for Hajj (Pilgrimage) Affairs, and the Ministerial Environmental Committee.

Dr. Al Jasser was the Alternate Governor for Saudi Arabia at the IMF, the World Bank, and the Islamic Development Bank. Other previous positions include Deputy Minister of Finance and National Economy, Vice Governor and Vice Chairman of the Board of SAMA, IMF Executive Director, Chairman of the GCC Monetary Council, Member of the Governing Body of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, Chairman of the Board and Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Saudi Telecom Co. (STC), Chairman of the Board of the Arab Investment Company, and Chairman of the Council of Islamic Financial Services Board.

Since Jan 2022, Dr. Al Jasser has been a member of the Board of Directors of the Regional Center of Quality and Excellence in Education–UNESCO.

Dr. Al Jasser holds a PhD in economics and a master's degree in economics from the University of California and a bachelor's degree in economics with honors from San Diego State University.

Dr. Al Jasser received several medals and awards, most notably the King Abdul Aziz Medal of the First Order in 2001 and Senegal's most prestigious National Order of the Lion in January 2023.