Egypt joined the IsDB in 1974 as one of its founders; with a capital subscription of ID 3,579 million (7.19% of total subscribed capital). Since then, the Bank's involvement in Egypt has focused on fostering sustainable inclusive economic growth and poverty reduction through financing projects in infrastructure, and supporting Youth employment and jobs creation. Egypt is also a member of all IsDB Group Entities (ITFC, ICD, ICIEC, and IRTI).

With a population of about 98m, Egypt is the most populated country in the Arab world. However, Egypt has an unbalanced spatial dispersion since over 95% of the population live on a mere 5% of the land, most of which lies along the banks of the Nile River and the Delta region. The majority of the Egyptian population is young with approximately 33% falling in the 0-14 age group and 62% in 15 to 64 group.